Meniscus Tear Treatment Options

In cases where the tear is small, stable, and does not affect the knee’s mechanics, nonsurgical treatment may be enough. Dr. Boden emphasizes a conservative approach when appropriate, focusing on reducing pain and restoring function.

Rest and Activity Modification

RICE – Rest, ice, compression and elevation can help relieve pain and swelling and allow the knee to recover. Patients are advised to avoid activities, such as running and squatting, that may cause additional strain on the injured meniscus and worsen symptoms.

Physical Therapy

Rehabilitation plays a vital role in nonsurgical management. Physical therapy aims to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee, improve joint stability, and enhance range of motion. Specific exercises are tailored to the patient’s needs and activity level.

Anti-Inflammatory Medications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help reduce pain and swelling, making it easier for patients to engage in physical therapy.

Injections

Corticosteroid injections may be used to alleviate inflammation and pain in the knee. Hyaluronic acid injections are a minimally invasive treatment for a torn meniscus including degenerative meniscus tears. When injected into the knee it can reduce pain, swelling and inflammation and aid in healing.

Regenerative medicine techniques, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, may be considered to promote healing in cases of minor tears.

When nonsurgical treatments are ineffective, or the tear is severe, surgical intervention may be warranted. Dr. Boden specializes in minimally invasive arthroscopic procedures and advanced open reconstruction, offering state-of-the-art solutions for meniscus tears.

Arthroscopic Meniscus Repair

For patients with tears located in the vascularized “red zone” of the meniscus, where blood supply supports healing, Dr. Boden often recommends arthroscopic meniscus repair. Using small incisions and a camera (arthroscope), she carefully sutures the torn edges of the meniscus. This technique preserves as much of the natural meniscus as possible, which is crucial for long-term joint health.

Meniscus repair is especially beneficial for younger, active patients who wish to return to high-impact sports or activities. Postoperative rehabilitation typically includes a structured physical therapy program, and recovery may take several months, depending on the extent of the injury.

Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy

When the tear is located in the non-vascular “white zone,” where healing potential is limited, or when the damage is irreparable, a partial meniscectomy may be performed. This procedure involves trimming and removing the damaged portion of the meniscus while preserving the healthy tissue.

Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy can provide pain relief and restore knee function, allowing patients to resume daily activities more quickly than with repair. However, the long-term risk of joint degeneration is slightly higher compared to repair procedures.

Meniscus Transplantation

Patients with extensive meniscus loss are at risk of developing arthritis. In this case, meniscus transplantation may be a good option. This advanced procedure involves replacing the damaged meniscus with donor tissue. Dr. Boden’s expertise in advanced open reconstruction ensures precise alignment and integration of the new meniscus to optimize joint function.

Meniscus transplantation is typically recommended for younger active patients who have substantial knee pain caused by a large and irreparable tear who have previously had a partial meniscectomy and continue to experience pain. Recovery includes a prolonged rehabilitation period to ensure proper healing and integration of the transplanted tissue.

Recovery from meniscus surgery varies depending on the type of procedure and the patient’s overall health and activity level. Dr. Boden emphasizes the importance of adhering to a personalized rehabilitation plan to achieve the best outcomes.

1. Post-Surgical Care – Patients may need to use crutches or wear a knee brace in the early stages of recovery to protect the repair and prevent undue stress on the knee. Pain management strategies include medication and ice therapy.
2. Physical Therapy – A structured rehabilitation program begins shortly after surgery. Initial phases focus on reducing swelling and regaining range of motion. Gradually, therapy progresses to strengthening the muscles surrounding the knee and improving balance and coordination. Advanced exercises are introduced to prepare patients for a return to sports or other physical activities.
3. Return to Activity – Depending on the procedure and individual progress, most patients can resume low-impact activities within 6-8 weeks. High-impact sports may require a longer recovery period, often 3-6 months or more.